Discovering Grado: “The Island of the Sun”

Grado, known as “The Island of the Sun,” is a small yet fascinating town located on the northeastern coast of Italy, in Friuli Venezia Giulia. This unique place offers a perfect combination of ancient history, natural beauty, and opportunities for relaxation that attract visitors from all over the world. In this article, we will explore in depth what makes Grado such a special destination, through an itinerary that touches on its main historical attractions, natural wonders, and leisure opportunities.

History of Grado

The historical roots of Grado go back to Roman times, when the town was an important port of ancient Aquileia. Founded in 181 B.C., Aquileia was one of the most vital centers of the Roman Empire in northern Italy, and Grado served as its maritime outlet. Archaeological evidence, such as remains of ancient buildings and roads, attest to Grado’s importance in this period. The Roman town was known as Ad Aquas Gradatas and functioned as a port for the import and export of goods. Its strategic position gave Grado a crucial role in Mediterranean trade routes.

During the Middle Ages, Grado assumed a significant role in the religious and political context of the area. With the decline of Aquileia under barbarian invasions, many inhabitants took refuge in Grado, bringing with them the Patriarchate. In the 6th century, Grado became the patriarchal seat, a status it maintained until the transfer to Venice. This period was marked by great cultural and religious vitality, with the construction of numerous churches and monasteries. The presence of the Patriarchate gave Grado notable religious importance, transforming it into a center of pilgrimage and devotion.

Under the rule of the Venetian Republic, Grado prospered thanks to trade and fishing. The town still preserves architectural traces of this period, such as its charming calli (narrow streets) and picturesque campielli (small squares). The Basilica of Sant’Eufemia, with its splendid mosaic floor and Romanesque bell tower, is a vivid testimony of this rich Venetian heritage. During this time, Grado became a hub of commercial and cultural exchange, maintaining strong ties with Venice. The town was also known for its salt production, a precious commodity that contributed to its economic prosperity.

With the Unification of Italy in the 19th century, Grado became part of the new Kingdom of Italy. This period saw renewed interest in enhancing its natural and historical resources. The town began to develop as a tourist destination, attracting visitors drawn by its natural beauty and cultural heritage. During the 20th century, Grado consolidated its reputation as a prestigious tourist destination, with the construction of hotels, bathing establishments, and tourist infrastructure.

The Lagoon of Grado

The Grado lagoon is a natural environment of extraordinary beauty and biodiversity. Stretching over 90 km², the lagoon is characterized by a series of islands, mudflats, and canals that create a mosaic of habitats ideal for many species of water birds. It is a perfect place for birdwatching, especially during seasonal migrations, when the lagoon fills with pink flamingos, herons, and other rare species. The lagoon also offers unique opportunities to observe fish, shellfish, and other marine life inhabiting its calm brackish waters.

Grado is surrounded by protected areas that offer unique opportunities to connect with nature. The Valle Cavanata Nature Reserve, located east of the town, is a wetland of international importance, recognized by the Ramsar Convention. Here, in addition to birdwatching, visitors can enjoy hiking or cycling along well-marked trails. The reserve is a refuge for many migratory and resident bird species, providing an ideal habitat for nesting and feeding.

Another natural reserve of great interest is the Foce dell’Isonzo Nature Reserve, located a short distance from Grado. This park is characterized by a wide variety of environments, including lagoons, canals, woods, and meadows, hosting rich biodiversity. It can be explored through nature trails offering spectacular panoramic views and the chance to spot rare bird species and other forms of wildlife.

The Beaches of Grado

Grado’s beaches are renowned for their golden sand and crystal-clear waters. The main beach, long and well-equipped, offers all the comforts for a relaxing day by the sea, while the more isolated and wild beaches, such as those on the lagoon islands, allow for greater tranquility and direct contact with nature. Grado’s beaches have been awarded the prestigious Blue Flag, certifying the quality of the waters and services provided.

Among the most famous beaches, Costa Azzurra Beach is a favorite for tourists thanks to its size and shallow waters, ideal for families with children. Grado Pineta Beach, surrounded by a lush pine forest, offers a more intimate and tranquil atmosphere, perfect for those seeking relaxation and privacy. Grado’s beaches are also ideal for water sports such as windsurfing, kitesurfing, and sailing.

Relaxation and Wellness in Grado

The Marine Thermal Baths of Grado offer a wide range of wellness treatments that exploit the beneficial properties of seawater and mud. Here, visitors can relax with massages, thermal baths, saunas, and wellness programs, while enjoying the splendid view of the lagoon. The Marine Thermal Baths are renowned for their thalassotherapy treatments, which use seawater, algae, and marine mud to promote health and well-being.

The spa also offers specific programs for rehabilitation and the treatment of various conditions, such as respiratory problems, rheumatic diseases, and skin disorders. Guests can benefit from personalized treatments supervised by highly qualified medical and therapeutic staff.

For those who like to stay active even on vacation, Grado offers numerous opportunities. Water sports enthusiasts can practice sailing, windsurfing, kitesurfing, and canoeing. The many cycling routes allow exploration of the lagoon and its surroundings, while the local golf courses attract fans of the sport. The Grado Golf Club, located on a lagoon island, offers an 18-hole course immersed in breathtaking scenery, with panoramic views of the lagoon and the sea.

Hiking and trekking lovers can explore the many nature trails that cross the reserves and protected areas around Grado. The routes are suitable for all levels of difficulty and provide the opportunity to discover unique and unspoiled landscapes.

Recommended Itinerary

Day One: Historical Exploration

Begin your journey with a visit to the historic center of Grado. Stroll through the narrow calli and picturesque campielli, admiring the ancient fishermen’s houses and historic churches. Your first stop should be the Basilica of Sant’Eufemia, a magnificent example of early Christian architecture with its splendid mosaic floor. Continue on to the Baptistery of St. John the Baptist and the nearby Basilica of Santa Maria delle Grazie, both rich in history and art.

After lunch in one of the local restaurants, dedicate your afternoon to the Archaeological Museum of Grado, where you can admire artifacts that tell the story of the city from Roman times to the Middle Ages. The museum houses a rich collection of mosaics, sculptures, and everyday objects, offering a fascinating overview of life in ancient Grado.

End the day with a walk along the port and seafront, enjoying the sunset over the lagoon. The port of Grado is a picturesque spot, with its colorful fishing boats and seafront restaurants. Stop at one of the bars along the promenade for an aperitif, savoring a glass of local wine while admiring the view.

Day Two: Nature and Adventure

The second day is dedicated to discovering the surrounding nature. In the morning, head to the Valle Cavanata Nature Reserve. Here, you can hike or cycle along the various trails that cross the area. Bring binoculars for birdwatching and a camera to capture the breathtaking landscapes.

After a picnic lunch immersed in nature, continue to the Lagoon of Grado. A boat trip is the best way to explore this unique ecosystem. You can book a guided excursion through the lagoon’s canals, with stops on the islands to admire local flora and fauna. During the boat trip, you may spot flamingos, herons, and other bird species that inhabit the lagoon.

If you prefer a more active experience, rent a kayak or canoe and venture alone through the lagoon’s canals. This will allow you to explore hidden corners and enjoy the tranquility and beauty of this unspoiled natural environment.

Day Three: Relaxation and Wellness

The third day is entirely dedicated to relaxation and wellness. Start your day at the Marine Thermal Baths of Grado, where you can unwind with a thermal treatment. Try a massage or a mud bath, and enjoy the thermal pools and saunas. The Marine Baths also offer beauty and wellness programs, with facial and body treatments using natural ingredients.

In the afternoon, head to one of Grado’s beaches. If you prefer a fully equipped beach, the main beach offers sunbeds, umbrellas, and all necessary comforts. For a quieter, wilder experience, choose one of the beaches on the lagoon islands, reachable by boat or bicycle, where you can enjoy peace and natural beauty.

End the day with dinner at a seafront restaurant, savoring typical local dishes while admiring the lagoon illuminated by the moon. Grado’s restaurants offer a wide selection of fresh seafood dishes, accompanied by high-quality local wines. The local cuisine is renowned for its freshness and authenticity, with recipes prepared using local ingredients and traditional methods.

Events and Festivals

Grado also hosts numerous events and festivals that enrich the visitor experience. Among them are the Festival of Friulian Song, celebrating local music and culture, and the Fish Festival, an unmissable occasion to taste Grado’s seafood specialties. During the summer, concerts and open-air shows enliven the evenings, offering entertainment for all tastes.

A particularly significant event is the Sagra del Pesce, held every July. During this festival, local fishermen prepare and serve fresh fish dishes cooked according to traditional recipes. It is a unique opportunity to taste the best of Grado’s cuisine and immerse yourself in local culture and traditions.

During the Christmas season, Grado transforms into a charming Christmas village, with markets, festive lights, and events for the whole family. The Christmas markets offer a wide selection of handicrafts, traditional sweets, and decorations, creating a magical and festive atmosphere.

How to Get to Grado

Grado is easily accessible by car, train, or plane. By car, take the A4 motorway to the Palmanova exit and follow the signs to Grado. The nearest train station is Cervignano del Friuli, from which direct buses run to Grado. The closest airports are Trieste and Venice, both well connected to the town.

From Trieste Airport (about 20 km away), you can rent a car, take a bus, or a taxi. Venice Airport, about 120 km away, is a convenient option for those arriving from further destinations.

Once in Grado, you can easily get around on foot or by bicycle, thanks to the town’s compact size and numerous cycling paths. Many hotels and tourist facilities offer bike rentals, allowing you to explore the town and surroundings in an eco-friendly way.

Cultural Insights

Grado is rich in artistic and architectural heritage that tells its long history. In addition to the already mentioned basilicas of Sant’Eufemia and Santa Maria delle Grazie, other highlights include smaller churches and historic palaces scattered throughout the old town. Among them are the Town Hall, an elegant 19th-century building, and the Palazzo dei Provveditori, which hosts exhibitions and cultural events.

The streets and squares of Grado’s historic center reflect Venetian and Austro-Hungarian influences. Porticoes, decorated facades, and narrow calli create a charming and romantic atmosphere, perfect for evening strolls and relaxation.

Local traditions and folklore are an integral part of Grado’s cultural identity. Throughout the year, numerous festivals and celebrations recall the town’s ancient customs.

Fishing traditions are still alive, with local fishermen preserving ancient techniques and culinary practices. During the Festa del Perdon de Barbana, held every July, the statue of the Madonna degli Angeli is carried in a suggestive boat procession from the Basilica of Sant’Eufemia to the island of Barbana, home to an ancient Marian sanctuary, crossing the lagoon.

Gastronomic Experiences

Another highlight of a stay in Grado is its excellent cuisine. The local culinary tradition is rich in dishes based on fresh fish, seafood, and local products. Typical dishes include boreto a la graisana, a fish soup enriched with vinegar and pepper, and sarde in saor, sardines marinated with onions, vinegar, and raisins. Grado’s cuisine is influenced by both Venetian and Friulian traditions, creating a unique blend of flavors and aromas.

Friuli Venezia Giulia is renowned for the quality of its wines, and Grado offers many opportunities to taste them. Local wineries produce some of Italy’s finest wines, including Friulano, Refosco, and Pinot Grigio. Many wineries offer guided tours and tastings, allowing visitors to discover the secrets of winemaking and enjoy wines in a scenic setting.

Beyond seafood, Grado is also famous for other Friulian specialties, such as cheeses (Montasio, Malga cheese) and cured meats (San Daniele ham, Friulian salami). Local markets offer a wide selection of these products, perfect for taking home a piece of Friulian culinary tradition.

Local pastries are another delight not to be missed. Typical sweets such as gubana and presnitz are perfect to end a meal or enjoy as a treat during the day. Gubana, in particular, is a leavened pastry filled with dried fruit, raisins, and spices, one of the most beloved specialties of Friulian tradition.

Travel Tips

The best time to visit Grado depends on your personal preferences. Summer is the busiest season, with warm temperatures and plenty of outdoor activities, but spring and autumn also offer pleasant weather and fewer crowds. If you love birdwatching, spring and autumn are the ideal times to observe bird migrations in the lagoon.

Winter in Grado is mild and peaceful, perfect for those seeking a holiday focused on relaxation and cultural discovery. During the Christmas season, the town dresses up in festive lights, creating a magical and welcoming atmosphere. Winter temperatures are generally moderate, allowing visitors to enjoy seaside walks and cultural attractions without harsh cold.

Sustainability

Grado is committed to promoting sustainable tourism and protecting the environment. Visitors are encouraged to respect the local ecosystem, avoiding behaviors harmful to flora and fauna. Using eco-friendly means of transport, such as bicycles, and taking part in beach-cleaning initiatives are excellent ways to contribute to the preservation of this beautiful area.

Many tourist facilities in Grado adopt sustainable practices, such as the use of renewable energy, waste recycling, and the promotion of local products. Choosing to stay in hotels and B&Bs that follow these practices is a way to support responsible and environmentally friendly tourism.

Grado, the Island of the Sun